Guide

Outside the presumption is not the end

Every state page on this site computes the presumption — the set of numbers that shifts the burden to the manufacturer. Missing the numbers does not erase the underlying claim. The manufacturer's duty to repair under warranty, and to refund or replace after a reasonable number of attempts, exists in the statute before the presumption paragraph. The presumption just decides who has to prove 'reasonable.'

The federal Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act (15 U.S.C. §2301 et seq.) runs alongside every state law: it covers used cars and products state laws exclude, has no fixed attempt count, and pays a prevailing consumer's attorney's fees (§2310(d)(2)). Many 'impossible' state cases are ordinary Magnuson-Moss cases.

What actually decides close cases is the paper: repair orders that describe the same defect in the same words, dates, days out of service, and the notice letter with its receipt. Build the log now, while the visits are still happening — reconstructing it later is the expensive way.

Information, not legal advice. Checked October 23, 2026.